How To Read Candlestick Chart In Stock Market?

What Is Candlestick Chart in Day Trading?

A candlestick chart is a valuable tool for traders to comprehend price action in financial markets. By analyzing individual candles, traders can determine the opening and closing prices for a specific period and the highs and lows of that period.
This price action analysis provides crucial insights into trends and potential reversals. Patterns formed by groups of candlesticks on forex charts can indicate trend continuation or potential reversals. Additionally, individual candlestick formations can signal optimal buy or sell opportunities in the market.
The timeframe chosen by the trader determines the duration each candle represents. A popular choice is the daily timeframe, where a candle illustrates the day's open, close, high, and low prices. By interpreting the different components of a candle, traders can make informed forecasts about potential price movements; for example, a significant gap between a candle's close and open might suggest further price declines.
 

Composition of a Candlestick Chart

This is the appearance of a candlestick chart pattern.

As evident, this chart comprises numerous horizontal bars or candles, each of which is composed of three parts:
●    The Body
●    Upper Shadow
●    Lower Shadow
 

Furthermore, the body of each candle is either colored Red or Green. These candles represent specific time periods, with the data reflecting the trades executed within that timeframe. A candle encapsulates four points of data:
1.    Open - representing the first trade executed during the specified period.
2.    High - indicating the highest traded price observed during the period.
3.    Low - denoting the lowest traded price recorded within the period.
4.    Close - signifying the last trade executed during the specified period.
 

How to Analyse Candlestick Chart?

The candle's body reflects trades' opening and closing prices during a specific period, which holds significant importance in candlestick trading. Traders can readily grasp the price range of a particular stock for that timeframe at a glance, and the color of the body provides insights into whether the stock price is rising or falling. Therefore, observing a candlestick chart for a month, with each candle representing a day, and noticing consecutive red candles, indicates a declining price trend.
Vertical lines above and below the body, referred to as wicks or shadows, indicate the stock's high and low traded prices. Consider the following scenarios:
●    A short upper wick on a red candle suggests the stock opened near its daily high.
●    Conversely, a short upper wick on a green candle suggests the stock closed near its daily high.
In summary, a candlestick graph presents the relationship between a stock's high, low, opening, and closing prices. The body's length and color and the shadows' length convey valuable information about market sentiment towards the particular stock. Understanding these details is crucial for effectively interpreting a candle chart.
 

Candlestick Chart Patterns

A candlestick chart for day trading offers a valuable means of comprehending investor sentiment and grasping the interplay between demand and supply, bears and bulls, greed and fear, among other factors. Traders should remember that while a single candle provides useful information, identifying patterns relies on comparing it with its preceding and succeeding candles. To fully capitalize on these insights, traders must grasp the various patterns within candlestick charts.

For better comprehension, we can categorize these patterns into two sections:
1. Bullish patterns
2. Bearish patterns
 

Bullish Patterns

Hammer Pattern

A small body and an elongated lower wick characterize this type of candle. Typically found at the end of a downward trend, it signifies that a powerful surge of buying activity propelled prices upwards even in the face of selling pressures. If the candle's body is green, it indicates a stronger bull market than when the body is red.

Inverse Hammer Pattern

This candle exhibits a short body and a long upper wick, commonly appearing at the bottom of a downward trend. It signifies a sequence of buying pressure followed by selling pressure. Additionally, it suggests that buyers are poised to regain control in the near future.

Bullish Engulfing Pattern

This pattern consists of two candlesticks, where the first one is a small red candle that is completely encompassed by a larger green candle. It signifies a bullish market that drives the price upwards, even though it opens lower than the previous day.

Piercing Line Pattern

This two-candle pattern involves a lengthy red candle followed by an equally long green candle. Moreover, the closing price of the second candle must be above the midpoint of the first candle's body. This configuration is a clear sign of robust buying pressure in the market.

Morning Star Pattern

This three-candle pattern consists of a short-bodied candle sandwiched between a long red candle and a long green candle. Typically, there is no overlap between the short and long candles. This configuration strongly indicates diminishing selling pressure and the emergence of a bull market.

Three White Soldiers Pattern 

This three-candle pattern comprises three green candles with minor wicks, each opening, and closing at higher levels than the previous day. When observed after a downtrend, this formation strongly suggests the imminent onset of a bull trend.
 

Bearish Patterns

Hanging Man Pattern

This candle exhibits a short body and a long lower wick, typically found at the peak of an upward trend. It signifies that selling pressures outweighed the buying momentum, revealing that bears are gaining market control.

Shooting Star Pattern

This type of candle features a brief body and an extended upper wick, commonly seen at the pinnacle of an upward trend. Often, the market opens higher than the previous day and experiences a short-lived rally before sharply declining, resembling a shooting star. This pattern is a clear indication of selling pressure prevailing in the market.

Bearish Engulfing Pattern

In candlestick chart analysis, this pattern involves two candlesticks, where the first one is a small green candle fully engulfed by a larger red candle. This pattern typically manifests at the peak of an upward trend. It signals a deceleration in the market's upward movement and an impending downtrend. The ensuing downtrend is usually more pronounced if the red candle's size is more substantial.

Evening Star Pattern

This three-candle pattern consists of a short-bodied candle sandwiched between a long red and a long green candle, with no overlap between the short and long candles. It serves as a strong indication of a reversal in an upward trend. The significance of this reversal is heightened if the third candle surpasses the gains made by the first candle.

Three Black Crows Pattern

This three-candle pattern features three consecutive red candles with small wicks, each opening, and closing at lower levels than the previous day. When observed after an upward trend, this formation serves as a robust indication of an imminent bear market.
 

Conclusion

Chart patterns play a vital role in deciphering a candle chart. Apart from the ones mentioned here, numerous other patterns can be followed to gain insights into market trends and sentiments. This blog on how to read candle chart in stock market can serve as a foundation for comprehending how to analyze candlestick charts and can act as a stepping stone for exploring these patterns further to grasp market movements in greater detail.